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Analysis of Decision-Making Situations and Alternatives for Clinical Nurses in a University Hospital

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KMID : 0614820040100040449
ÃÖ¿øÈñ ( Choi Won-Hee ) - °ÅÁ¦´ëÇб³ °£È£Çаú

±è¸íÈñ ( Kim Myung-Hee ) - ºÎ»ê´ëÇб³ °£È£Çаú

Abstract

ÀÇ»ç°áÁ¤Àº ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÀνÄÇÏ°í ´ë¾ÈÀ» ¼÷°íÇÏ¿© ÀûÀýÇÑ ¹æ¹ýÀ» ¼±ÅÃÇÏ´Â °úÁ¤ÀÌ´Ù(Simon, 1995). ȯÀÚ°£È£´Â ȯÀÚ¿¡°Ô ÀϾ´Â ¹®Á¦¸¦ Áö°¢ÇÏ°í ÀÓ»óÀû ÆÇ´Ü°ú ÀÇ»ç°áÁ¤ °úÁ¤À» °ÅÃÄ ÇàÀ§·Î ±¸Ã¼È­µÈ´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ÀÓ»óÀû ÀÇ»ç°áÁ¤Àº °£È£°úÁ¤ÀÇ Áß¿äÇÑ ºÎºÐÀÌ¸ç °£È£½Ç¹«ÀÇ Á߽ɰú¾÷À̶ó°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù(ÃÖÈñÁ¤, 1997a; Jenkins, 1985). °£È£»ç°¡ ȯÀÚÀÇ ¹®Á¦ ÇØ°áÀ» À§ÇÏ¿© ¼±ÅÃÇÏ´Â ÀÇ»ç°áÁ¤¿¡ µû¶ó °£È£ °á°ú»Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Ä¡·á°á°ú¿¡µµ »ó´çÇÑ Â÷ÀÌ°¡ ÀÖ´Ù(Á¶¹Ì°æ, Á¤Çö¼÷, 1999; ÃÖÈñÁ¤, 1997b). Henry(1991)´Â 142¸íÀÇ ÁßȯÀÚ½Ç °£È£»ç¸¦ ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ»óÀ¸·Î ½É¹æÁ¶µ¿°ú ½É½Çºó¸Æ ȯÀÚ¸¦ ½Ã¹Ä·¹ÀÌ¼Ç ÇÏ¿© °¢ »óȲ¿¡ µû¶ó °£È£»ç°¡ ³»¸®´Â ÀÇ»ç°áÁ¤°úÁ¤°ú °á°ú¸¦ Á¶»çÇÏ¿´´Ù. Âü¿© °£È£»çÀÇ ÀÇ»ç°áÁ¤ °á°ú ½É¹æÁ¶µ¿È¯ÀÚ Áß 30%, ½É½Çºó¸ÆȯÀÚ Áß 35%°¡ ȯÀÚ »ç¸ÁÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µÀ¸¸ç, ½É¹æÁ¶µ¿È¯ÀÚ Áß 51%, ½É½Çºó¸ÆȯÀÚ Áß 35%¸¸ÀÌ ÀûÀýÇÑ ÀÇ»ç°áÁ¤À¸·Î ȯÀÚ¿¡°Ô µµ¿òÀ» ÁØ °ÍÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù. Henry(1991)´Â ÀÌ °á°ú¸¦ ÅëÇÏ¿© °£È£»çÀÇ ÀÇ»ç°áÁ¤¿¡ µû¶ó ȯÀÚ°á°ú°¡ Å©°Ô ´Þ¶ó Áú ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î °£È£»çÀÇ ÀÇ»ç°áÁ¤·ÂÀ» Çâ»ó½ÃÅ°´Â Àü·«°³¹ß°ú ±³À°ÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ °£È£»çÀÇ ÀÇ»ç°áÁ¤ ´É·Â°ú Á¤µµ´Â ÀڽŵéÀÌ ¼öÇàÇÏ´Â ¾÷¹«ÀÇ ¸¸Á·µµ¿¡µµ ¿µÇâÀ» ÁֹǷΠ°£È£¾÷¹« ¼öÇà Á¤µµ¿Í °á°ú¿¡ Â÷À̸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»°Ô µÈ´Ù(ÃÖÈñÁ¤, 1997b; Blengen, 1993).

Purpose: This study seeks to identify situations where nurses are required to consider alternatives, for the delivery of nursing care, appropriate to the needs of a medical care unit, surgical care unit, and intensive care unit in a university hospital.

Method: Data was collected from 100 nurses using an open questionnaire, during a one week period in May, 2003. These nurses all had at least two years of experience within a medical care unit, surgical care unit, or intensive care unit at a university hospital.

Results: The situations that nurses typically faced were categorized into 21 problems for nurses including : respiratory problems(26.8%), pain(23.6%), problems in relation to bowel habit(23.2%). In cases where nurses were faced with making decisions in relation to solving respiratory problems, the alternatives included ; applying oxygen(29.3%), physical assessment and monitoring(14.7%), refining and modifying order and suggestion order(9.3%). Ventilator care(9.3%), was chosen to solve pain problems ; doing pm orders(30.3%), placebo medication(27.3%), and to refine and modify orders and suggestions(18.2%). To solve problems in relation to bowel habits ; enemas accounted for 32.3%, and laxative medication 30.8%.

Conclusion: To improve the quality of nursing, the outcome of nursing care associated with 21 problems for nurses including : respiratory problems, pain, and problems in relation to bowel habit, should be identified and the best alternative nursing care should be developed.
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